The Permanent Canines Canines Maxillary And Mandibular
Question 1. Describe in detail about permanent maxillary canine.
Answer:
Labial aspect:
- The cervical line is convex labially
- The mesial outline is convex while the distal outline is concave.
- The distal contact area is at the center of the middle third of the crown.
- The cusp tip is on a line with the center of the root.
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- The cusp has a shorter mesial slope and a distinct distal slope.
- The labial surface is smooth.
- There are shallow depressions dividing the labial surfaces into 3 labial lobes.
- The middle lobe is well-developed.
- The root appeas slender with a bluntly pointed apex.
- The labial surface of the root is smooth and convex at all points.
Lingual aspect:
- The cingulum is large and pointed like a small cusp.
- Definite ridges are found below the cingulum and between marginal ridges.
- Shallow concavities called mesial and distal lingual fossae are present between the ridge and the marginal ridges.
- The lingual portion of the root is narrower.
- The lingual ridge of the root is smooth and convex at all points from the cervical line to the apical end.
Mesial aspect:
- The outline is wedge-shaped.
- The labial and lingual outline are convex.
- The cervical line curves towards the cusp.
- The root outline is conical, with a tapered or bluntly pointed apex.
- The apical third of the root curve labially.
- The mesial surface of the crown is convex at all points except the above contact area.
- The mesial surface of the root appears broad.
Distal aspect:
- The cervical line shows less curvature towards the cusp ridge.
- The distal marginal ridge is irregular.
- The surface is more concave above the contact area.
Incisal aspect:
- The cusp tip is labial to the center of the crown labio-lingually and mesial to the center mesiodistally.
- The ridge of the middle labial lobe is more pronounced labially.
- It attains its greatest convexity at the cervical third.
Chronology:
- The first evidence of calcification – 4-5 months
- Enamel completed -6-7 years
- Eruption -11-12 years
- Root completed – 13-15 years
Measurements:
- Cervicoincisal crown length: 10 mm
- Root length: 17 mm
- Mesiodistal crown diameter: 7.5 mm
- Mesiodistal crown diameter at cervix: 5.5 mm
- Labio-lingual crown diameter: 8 mm
- Labio-lingual crown diameter at cervix: 7 mm
- Curvature of cervical line – mesial : 2.5 mm
- The curvature of the cervical line – distal: 1.5 mm
Question 2. Describe in detail about permanent mandibular canine.
Answer:
Labial aspects:
- The crowns appear longer
- The mesial outline of the crown is nearly straight
- The mesial cusp ridge is shorter.
- The distal contact area is more towards the incisal aspect. The cervical line has a semicircular curvature apically.
- The apical end of the root is more sharply pointed. Root curvature if present, it is in the mesial direction.
Lingual aspect:
- It is flatter, smooth, and regular
- The cingulum is smooth and poorly developed
- The marginal ridges are less distinct.
- The lingual portion of the root is narrower.
Mesial aspect:
- The cusp ridge appears more slender.
- The cusp tip is more nearly centered over the root.
- The cervical line curves towards the incisal portion.
- The developmental depression at the root is deeper and more pronounced.
Distal aspect:
- The distal marginal ridge is irregular
- The developmental depression on the root is more pronounced.
- The surface displays more concave above the contact area.
Incisal aspect:
- The mesial outline is less curved.
- The cusp tip and mesial cusp ridge are more inclined in a lingual direction.
- The distal cusp ridge and the contact area are more distinct.
Chronology:
- The first evidence of calcification: 4-5 months
- Enamel completed: 6-7 years
- Eruption:9-10 years
- Root completed: 12-14 years
Measurements:
- Cervicoincisal length of the crown: 11 mm
- Root length: 16 mm
- Mesiodistal diameter of crown:7 mm
- Labio-lingual diameter of crown: 5.5 mm
- Labio-lingual diameter of the crown at cervix:7.5 mm
- Curvature of cervical line – mesial : 2.5 mm
- The curvature of the cervical line – distal: 1 mm
Question 3. Write in detail about the morphology of permanent maxillary canine and enumerate the difference between permanent maxillary and mandibular canine.
Answer:
Morphology of maxillary canine:
Differences between maxillary and mandibular canine:
Question 4. Morphology of crown of permanent maxillary canine
Answer:
Question 5. Canines.
Answer:
- They are four in number, and present at the corners of the mouth.
- So, they are referred to as the cornerstone of the dental arch.
- They are the longest & stable teeth in the mouth and the last teeth to be lost.
- It supports incisors & premolars.
- Single, long, strongly developed root help in anchorage.
- The shape of the crown promotes self-cleansing.
- They stabilize replacements of lost teeth.
- Its position in the mouth ensures normal facial expression.
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