Liver Disease Important Question And Answers

Diseases Of Liver

Question 1. Write a short note on tender hepatomegaly.

Answer. The term tender hepatomegaly itself means there is an enlargement of the liver with tenderness present in it.

Causes of  Tender Hepatomegaly

1. Infections of  Tender Hepatomegaly
   • Viral hepatitis
   • Amoebic abscess
   • Acute alcoholic hepatitis
   • Autoimmune hepatitis
   • Actinomycosis of liver
   • Weil’s disease
   • Malaria
2. Disturbances of  Tender Hepatomegaly
   • Congestive heart failure
   • Hepatic vein occlusion
3. Tumors of  Tender Hepatomegaly
   • Hepatocellular carcinoma
   • Angiosarcoma
4. Budd­Chiari syndrome of  Tender Hepatomegaly

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Hepatitis Of Tender Hepatomegaly

• Viral hepatitis: Inflammation of the liver due to viral hepatitis is a common cause of tender hepatomegaly.
  • There is a moderate enlargement of the liver which is smooth with consistency varying from soft to firm.
• Amoebic liver abscess: This liver is enlarged and is tender and tenderness present on the lower costal cartilage on the right side.
• Bacterial liver abscess: Multiple small pyogenic abscesses or a single large abscess involves the liver mainly the right lobe producing an enlarged tender liver.
• Acute alcoholic hepatitis: This follows the period of heavy drinking. There is the presence of right upper abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, profound weakness.
  • The liver becomes enlarged and tender.

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• Autoimmune hepatitis: Prevalence is in young females.
  • Presence of enlarged and tender liver, spider naevi, and enlarged spleen.
• Actinomycosis of the liver: Here liver becomes enlarged and tender.
• Weil’s disease: Spirochetes causes Weil’s disease. There is the presence of an enlarged and tender liver.
• Malaria: In the malignant form of malaria there is hepatomegaly and tenderness over the liver.
• The liver is palpable in half of the cases. The spleen is always palpable.

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Circulatory disturbances Of Tender Hepatomegaly

• Congestive heart failure: Congestive heart failure is an important cause of hepatomegaly moderate to massive.
• The liver is firm and tender.
• Hepatic vein occlusion: It is an uncommon condition and there is the presence of an enlarged and tender liver.

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Tumors Of Tender Hepatomegaly

• Hepatocellular carcinoma: Liver becomes enlarged but sometimes it is tender.
• Angiosarcoma: In patients with exposure to gaseous chemicals, the liver becomes enlarged and tender.

Budd-Chiari syndrome Here liver is enlarged and tender. There is the failure of the jugular vein to fill when the liver is pressed.