Fixed Appliances Orthodontics Question And Answers

Fixed Appliances Orthodontics

• The orthodontist does not depend on the patient for timely wear and management of appliance.
• It is possible to bring about various types of tooth movements, e.g. bodily movement, rotation, intrusion, and extrusion.
• Multiple tooth movements are possible simultaneously, so the treatment duration is considerably reduced.
• More precise tooth movement is possible.
• Complicated malocclusion can be treated.
• Offer better control over the anchorage.
• Grossly misplaced teeth can be corrected.
• Fixed appliances efficiently treat the problem as compared to removable appliances.
• Closure of space following the extractions is best achieved by fixed appliances.
• Both crown and root movement along with establishing normal incisor relationship is possible by fixed appliances.
• Control over force distribution is precise to the individual tooth.

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• The most important disadvantage is oral hygiene maintenance.
• More time consuming to fix and adjust thus taking more chair-side time.
• More conspicuous than removable.
• Required special training of the operator.
• A damaged appliance cannot be removed by the patient.
• Patients visit the orthodontist at regular intervals.
• It is more expensive than removable.
• Greater possibility of producing adverse tooth movement.
• The rate of tooth movement depends on the individual’s biological response.
• The effects of the treatment are restricted to the dentoalveolar structure.
• Fixed appliances cannot correct the skeletal discrepancy.
• Esthetically, they are less pleasing.
• Frequent breakage can cause improper correction.

• Arch wires
• Springs
• Elastics
• Separators.

• Bands
• Brackets
• Buccal tubes
• Lingual attachments
• Lock pins
• Ligature wire.

• Arch wires
  • Active components of fixed appliance.
  • They can bring about all types of tooth movements.
  • Various tooth movements are brought about by a medium of brackets and bruccal tubes.

• Gold and gold alloys
• Stainless steel
• Nickel-titanium alloys
• Beta titanium
• Cobalt chromium-nickel alloys
• Optiflex archwire.

• Round
• Square
• Rectangular
• Multistranded.

• Plain archwires
• Arch wires with loop.

• Spring back
• Softness
• Formability
• Resilience
• Biocompatibility
• Joinability
• Friction.

Types of orthodontic springs

• They are of two types i.e. open coil spring and closed coil spring.
• Both open and close coil springs are used to close the space between teeth.
• Open coil spring: They are compressed between the two teeth to open the space between them.
• Closed coil spring: They are stretched between the teeth to close the space.
• Uprighting spring: They are used for root movement in mesial or distal direction.
• Rotation spring: They correct the rotated teeth
• Torquing spring: They move the root in lingual or palatal direction.

• Active part of fixed orthodontic appliance.
• Resembles a rubber band.
• Made up of latex rubber.
• Made in various diameter.
• They are color coded.
• Force applied by elastic depend on diameter.

• Used between lower molar and upper anterior teeth.
• Used to treat class 2 malocclusion.

• Used to treat class 3 malocclusion
• Retraction of lower anterior teeth.

• Elastic chains (E-chain)
• Elastic thread
• Elastic modules
• Ligating rings.

• They are the active components of the fixed appliances and bring the separation of teeth as well as create the space between two adjacent teeth for the purpose of banding.
• Indicated in tight interdental contact to break the contact.

• It wedges the teeth in a place between adjacent teeth.
• It leads to the tooth movement and separation of teeth for easy placement of bands.

• Metal separators
  • 0.020” brass wire
  • Kesling’s separating spring
• Elastic separator
  • Elastic thread
  • Maxian elastic separator
  • Elastomeric rings or doughnuts

• Slow separators
  • Brass wire separator: This is a soft brass wire of 0.5 to 0.6 mm diameter which is rotated via the embrasure between the teeth and should be cut short as well as tucked between the teeth and left for 5 to 7 days.
  • Kesling’s spring separator: It exerts a scissor-like action when kept for a week.
• Rapid separators
  • Ring separators or Doughnut or elastic rings: They are small elastic rings that pass via the contact using a special plier/applicator. As it is stretched, the elastic ring encircles the interdental contact area contracts and teeth are separated.
  • Elastic separators or dumbbell separators: This is stretched and is passed via interdental contact area and brings the separation of teeth by regaining its original length. This is effctive after 2 to 3 days of placement.