DIseases Of CardIovascular System Question And Answers

Diseases Of Cardiovascular System

Question. Write short note on coarctation of aorta.

Answer. Coarctation of aorta is defied as the narrowing of aorta at or distal to the subclavian artery.

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Clinical Features Coarctation Of Aorta.

1. In uncomplicated cases the onlysymptoms are *intermittent claudication, pain, weakness and dyspnea on running.
2. Headache and nose bleed
3. Hypertension in upper limb
4. Physical examination shows weak or impalpable femorals in comparison to strong radial acting pulsation.
5. Heart size remains normal with left ventricular forcible apex.

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On auscultation:

• S1 is accentuated
• S2 normal splittng delayed A2
• S3 with left ventricular filing
• S4 with hypertension.

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Investigation Coarctation Of Aorta.

1. ECG: It shows left axis deviation representing left ventricular failure.
2. X-ray: Normal sized heart with prominent ascending aorta.
3. Barium swallow shows characteristic E sign.
4. Aortography: Show usually short narrow segment.

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Treatment Coarctation Of Aorta.

1. Medical management consists of control of congestive cardiac failure in infancy.
2. Defiitive management is operative.
3. Operation can be done at any age, but lowest risk is between 1–10 years.
4. Resection of narrow segment is done in operation.