Diagnosis Of Periodontal Diseases Question And Answers

Diagnosis Of Periodontal Diseases

Question 1. Describe briefly importance of medical history in diagnosis of periodontal disease.
Answer. Medical history aids the clinician in diagnosis of oral manifestation of systemic disease. It also assists in detection of systemic conditions that may be affecting periodontal tissue response to local factors or that required specific precautions or modifications in treatment procedures.

Medical history should address the following areas in making diagnosis of periodontal disease, i.e.

• A history should be taken of all patients, medical problems including infections diseases, STDs and high-risk behavior for HIV infection.
• Any possibility of occupational disease should be noted.
• Abnormal bleeding tendencies should be noted such as nose bleeds, prolong bleeding from minor cuts, spontaneous ecchymoses, tendency towards excessive bruising and excessive menstrual bleeding.
• Any history of allergy should be resorted.
• Information should be provided regarding onset of puberty and for female patients, menopause, menstural disorders, hysterectomy, pregnancy and miscarriages.
• Patient’s family medical history should be taken, including bleeding disorders and diabetes.

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Question 2. Write short note on radiographic appearance (changes) in periodontal disease.
Answer. Following are the radiographic changes in the periodontal diseases:

• Breakage in the continuity of lamina dura: Breakage is seen in the continuity of lamina dura at mesial or distal aspect of the crest of interdental septum. It can be noted as the earliest change in radiographic appearance.
• Wedge shaped radiolucent area: A wedge-shaped area is formed either at distal or at mesial aspect of crest of septal bone. Apex of wedge is pointed towards the root.
• Height of interdental septum gets reduced.
• There is presence of finger-like radiolucent projections which extends from crest into the septum.
• Interdental craters are projected as irregular areas of reduced radiopacity at alveolar bone crest.