Phenotypic Expression Of Gene Gene Expression The process by which the biological information contained in the gene is made available to the cell is called gene expression. The Central Dogma: The process that we know as gene expression was put forward by Francis Crick in 1958 in a lecture called “On protein synthesis” presented to the Society For Experimental Biology. … [Read more...] about Gene Expression and Phenotypic Traits
Molecular Biology
Degeneracy Of Genetic Code Notes
Genetic Code As DNA is a genetic material, it carries genetic information from cell to cell and from generation to generation. At this stage, an attempt will be made to determine in what manner the genetic information exists in the DNA molecule. Are they written in articulated or coded language on DNA molecules? If in the language of codes what is the nature of genetic … [Read more...] about Degeneracy Of Genetic Code Notes
Stages Of Transcription, RNA Polymerase
DNA Transcription In the organisms (viz., prokaryotes and eukaryotes), where coded genetic information is contained in the DNA molecule, different genetically controlled functions of their cells are performed by a different kind of nucleic acid, called non-genetic ribonucleic acid (RNA). In the cells of such organisms, the DNA molecule occurs in the chromosomes of the … [Read more...] about Stages Of Transcription, RNA Polymerase
DNA Replication In Prokaryotes And DNA Replication In Eukaryotes
DNA Replication As a carrier of genetic information DNA has the following two important functions: Heterocatalytic function - When DNA directs the synthesis of chemical molecules other than itself (for example., synthesis of RNA, proteins, etc.), then such functions of DNA are called heterocatalytic functions. Autocatalytic functions - The functions of DNA which … [Read more...] about DNA Replication In Prokaryotes And DNA Replication In Eukaryotes
Plasmids, IS Elements, Transposons Notes
Plasmids IS Elements Transposons And Retroelements Plasmids Plasmids are autonomous self-replicating double-stranded circular DNA molecules that are maintained in the cell in a stable and characteristic number of copies. A plasmid is a replicon that is stably inherited in an extrachromosomal state. Most, but not all, plasmids are dispensable as they are not essential for … [Read more...] about Plasmids, IS Elements, Transposons Notes