Question 13. Describe the wrist joint under the following headings: (a) classification, (b) articular surfaces, (c) ligaments, (d) relations, (e) nerve supply, (f) movements and (g) applied anatomy.
Answer.
Wrist Joint Classification
Wrist Joint Structural:
Synovial joint of ellipsoid variety.
Wrist Joint Functional:
Diarthrosis.
Wrist Joint Articular surfaces
Wrist Joint Proximally
- Inferior articular surface of the lower end of the radius
- Inferior surface of the articular disc of the inferior radioulnar joint
Distally
- Scaphoid
- Lunate
- Triquetral
Read And Learn More: Selective Anatomy Notes And Question And Answers
Wrist Joint Ligaments
Capsule:
It is attached above to the peripheral margins of the proximal and distal articular surfaces including the articular disc. Distally, it blends with the palmar and dorsal radiocarpal ligaments.
Radial collateral ligament:
It extends from the styloid process of radius to the lateral aspects of scaphoid and trapezium.
Ulnar collateral ligament:
It extends from the styloid process of ulna to the medial aspects of triquetral and pisiform bones.
Palmar and dorsal radiocarpal ligaments:
These are the thickenings on the palmar and dorsal aspects of the fibrous capsule.
Wrist Joint Relations
Wrist Joint Anterior
- Superficial: Tendons of flexor carpi radialis and palmaris longus
- Intermediate: Radial artery median nerve and flexor digitorum superficialis
- Deep: Tendons flexor pollicis longus and flexor digitorum profundus
Wrist Joint Posterior:
Extensor tendons of the wrist and fingers with their synovial sheaths.
Wrist Joint Lateral:
Radial artery.
Wrist Joint Nerve supply
- Anterior interosseous nerve
- Posterior interosseous nerve
Wrist Joint Movements
Movements and muscles producing them with their nerve supply.
Movements of the Wrist Joint
Wrist Joint Applied anatomy
Colles fracture:
It is fracture of distal end of radius due to fall on outstretched hand with distal fragment being displaced upwards and backwards.
Smith fracture:
It is reverse of Colles fracture due to fall on the back of the hand with distal fragment being displaced upwards and forwards (i.e. palm is flexed).
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