Understanding Periodontal Diseases: Types, Features, and Diagnosis

Classification Of Periodontal Diseases

Classify periodontal disease and write in detail localized aggressive periodontitis.
Or
Classify periodontal diseases. Write in detail about the clinical features and radiographic fidings of localized aggressive periodontitis.
Or
Describe clinical and radiological features of localized aggressive periodontics.
Answer.

Classification of Periodontal Disease

• Chronic Periodontitis
  • Localized: Less than 30% of sites involved.
  • Generalized: More than 30% of sites involved.
  • Slight: 1–2 mm clinical attachment loss.
  • Moderate: 3–4 mm clinical attachment loss.
  • Severe: More than 5 mm clinical attachment loss.
• Aggressive Periodontitis
  • Localized: Slight, moderate or severe.
  • Generalized.
• Periodontitis as a Manifestation of Systemic Diseases
  • Associated with hematological disorders:
    • Acquired neutropenia.
    • Leukemias.
    • Others.
  • Associated with genetic disorders:
    • Familial and cyclic neutropenia.
    • Down syndrome.
    • Leukocyte adhesion defiiency syndrome.
    • Papillon-Lefévre syndrome.
    • Chèdiak-Higashi syndrome.
    • Histiocytosis syndrome.
    • Glycogen storage disease.
    • Infantile genetic agranulocytosis.
    • Cohen syndrome.
    • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (Types 4 and 8).
    • Hypophosphatasia.
    • Others.

• Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases
  • Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis.
  • Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis.
• Abscesses of the Periodontium
• • Gingival abscess.
  • Periodontal abscess.
  • Pericoronal abscess.
• Periodontitis Associated with Endodontic Lesions

Combined periodontic-endodontic lesions.

• Developmental or Acquired
  • Deformities and Conditions:
    • Localized tooth-related factors that modify or predispose to plaque-induced gingival diseases/periodontitis:
      • Tooth anatomic factors.
      • Dental restorations/appliances.
      • Root fractures.
      • Cervical root resorption and cemental tear.
    • Mucogingival deformities and conditions around teeth:
      • Gingival/soft tissue recession, facial or lingual surfaces, interproximal (papillary).
      • Lack of keratinized gingiva.
      • Decreased vestibular depth.
      • Aberrant frenum/muscle position.
      • Gingival excess:
        • Pseudopocket
        • Inconsistent gingival margin
        • Excessive gingival display
        • Gingival enlargement.
      • Abnormal color.
    • Mucogingival deformities and conditions on edentulous ridges:
      • Vertical and/or horizontal ridge deficiency.
      • Lack of gingival/keratinized tissue.
      • Gingival/soft tissue enlargement.
      • Aberrant frenum/muscle position.
      • Decreased vestibular depth.
      • Abnormal color.
    • Occlusal trauma:
      • Primary occlusal trauma.
      • Secondary occlusal trauma.