Shock: Types, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

Shock: Types, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

Question 1. Discuss etiopathology and complications of shock.
Or
Write in brief on the etiopathogenesis of shock.
Answer:

Shock: It is defined as a clinical state of cardiovascular collapse characterized by an acute reduction of effective circulatory blood volume and inadequate perfusion of cells and tissues.

Shock Etiopathology

Complications of Shock

Life-threatening complications in shock are due to hypoxic cell injury which results in immune- inflammatory responses and activation of various cascades. Various complications of shock are:

• Acute respiratory distress syndrome
• Disseminated intravascular coagulation
• Acute renal failure
• Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome

Types of shock in pathology

With the progression of the condition, the patient can develop a stupor, comma, and finally death.

Question 2. Write a short note on hypovolemic shock.
Answer:

Reduction in blood volume leads to hypovolemic shock.

Hypovolemic shock Pathogenesis

Hypovolemic shock Etiology

Hypovolemic shock treatment

• Hemorrhage
  • External from wounds, open fractures
  • Internal from injury to the spleen, liver, mesentery or pelvis
• Severe burns, which result in loss of plasma fluid
• Vomiting and diarrhea of any cause lead to dehydration.
• Excessive use of diuretics
• Acute pancreatitis.