Respiratory System Disorders Important Question And Answers

Diseases Of Respiratory System

Write short note on tropical eosinophilia.

Answer.

Tropical Eosinophilia

Tropical eosinophilia: A disease of tropical countries (India,Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, etc.) is characterized by chronic cough, attck of breathlessness, lassitude and weight loss with rise in eosinophilic count in blood.

Etiology
The most important cause of tropical eosinophilia is allergic reaction to fiarial worm, e.g. Wuchereria bancrofti.

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Pathology

Patients having tropical eosinophilia lack IgG blocking antibodies against the circulating microfilaria. Microfilaria is removed from peripheral circulation and is trapped in various tissue sites by IgG dependent cell-mediated effctor mechanism.

Antigens are released as parasites get destroyed which initiates
Type I hypersensitivity reaction. Peripheral eosinophilia occurs due to a reaction which further progress to granuloma and firosis.

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Respiratory Disease Symptoms

Clinical Features tropical eosinophilia.

1. Chronic cough of several weeks or months duration is the prominent complaint.
2. Cough may be dry or mucoid to mucopurulent
3. There is constricting sensation in the chest.
4. Patient suffrs from general *debility, weight loss, low grade fever and malaise.
5. Presence of lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly
6. Nocturnal bronchospasm

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Diagnosis tropical eosinophilia.

1. Positive history for prolong presence of patient in endemic area.
2. Lacking of microfiaria in blood, in both night as well as day samples.
3. Presence of high titers of fiarial antibodies.
4. IgE levels are 1000 units/mL.
5. Peripheral eosinophilia with 3000 cells/mL.

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Treatment tropical eosinophilia.

1. The drug of choice is diethyl carbamazine given in dose of 5 mg / kg body weight for 2 weeks
2. In adult dosage, three tab of 50 mg four times a day for 5 days.
3. In addition patient will require bronchodilators to relieve the bronchospasm.
4. Corticosteroids and anti­histaminics are employed.
5. Recovery after therapy is good.
6. Repeat course of drug may have to be given after six weeks.