Odontomas: Types, Clinical Features, and Management Strategies

Odontoma

Describe different types of odontomes and their management. 

Answer. Odontome is defied as “tumorformed byanovergrowth of complete dental tissue”. — Broca

In WHO classification of odontogenic tumors (2017) odontomes are classifid as benign mixed epithelial and mesenchymal odontogenic tumor.
Under this heading two types of odontomas are there:

• Complex odontoma
• Compound odontoma.

“Types Of Odontomas Explained”

Compound odontome

It is defied as “A tumor like malformation (hamartoma) with varying numbers of tooth like elements (odontoids)”. —WHO

“Comprehensive Overview Of Odontoma Types”

Odontome Pathogenesis

It is produced by repeated divisions oftooth germ or by multiple budding of from dental lamina with formation of many tooth germs.

Odontome Clinical Features

• It is a painless slow growing lesion.
• It occurs commonly in maxilla in incisor-canine region.
• Male and females are equally affcted.
• It is seen during 2nd and 3rd decades of life.
• At times permanent teeth fails to erupt.

“Understanding The Causes Of Odontomas”

Odontome Radiographic Features

Compound odontoma appears as collection of tooth like structures surrounded by radiolucent zone.

Odontome Management

• Surgical removal by enucleation is the treatment of choice.
• Odontomascanbeapproachedbyintraoralmucosalincision and removal of adequate overlying bone to expose lesion.
• Removal of entire soft tissue portion is recommended to prevent recurrence.

“The Role Of Radiographs In Detecting Odontomas”

Odontome Complex odontome

It is defied as “a tumor-like malformation (hamartoma) in which enamel and dentin and sometimes cementum is present”.

— WHO

Odontome Pathogenesis

• It develops from dental lamina or enamel organ in place of normal tooth.

“Step-By-Step Guide To Diagnosing Odontomas”

Odontome Clinical Features

• Painless slowly growing lesions.
• They form hard masses.
• Mandible is more frequently affcted.
• When the lesion becomes large it leads to expansion of bone and facial symmetry.
• Adjacent teeth may be displaced.

“Symptoms Of Odontomas In Teeth”

Odontome Radiographic Features

It appear as irregular dense radiopaque mass surrounded by thin radiolucent area overlying displaced unerupted tooth.

Odontome Management

• Enucleation or curettge is done if odontoma is source of obstruction to erupting teeth.
• Large complex odontomas should be cut in segments for removal in order to conserve normal bone and prevent jaw fracture.