Nucleic Acids And Nucleotides Essay Questions And Answers

Nucleic Acids And Nucleotides Essay Questions And Answers

“What are nucleic acids and nucleotides? A detailed question and answers guide”

DNA&RNA
Answer:

DNA:

• It is deoxyribonucleic acid
• It was discovered in 1869 by Johann Friedrich Miescher
• It contains
  • Bases- adenine, guanine, cytosine & thymine
  • Sugars- D-deoxyribose
  • It is composed of monomeric units namely deoxy adenylate, deoxy guanylate, deoxycytidylate & deoxy thymidylate
  • It has a right-handed double helix structure
  • The transition between different helical forms of DNA plays a significant role in regulating gene expression

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RNA:

• It is ribonucleic acid
• It contains

1. Bases- adenine, guanine, cytosine & uracil
2. Sugars- D-ribose

• It is usually a single-stranded polynucleotide

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Types:

1. Messenger RNA-5-10%
2. Transfer RNA- 10-20%
3. Ribosomal RNA- 50-80%

• RNA is synthesized from DNA
• They are involved in the process of protein biosynthesis