Mandibular Nerve: Origin, Course, Relations, Branches and Applied Anatomy

Mandibular Nerve

Describe mandibular nerve under following headings:
Origin Division and branches Course and relations Applied aspects
OR
Describe origin, course, relations, branches and applied anatomy of mandibular nerve.
Answer:

Mandibular Nerve:

• It is nerve of first branchial arch

Mandibular Nerve Origin:

• Mandibular nerve originates in the middle cranial fossa through its roots

Mandibular Nerve Branches:

1. Sensory root
   • It is large root
   • Arises from the lateral part of the trigeminal ganglion
   • Leaves the cranial cavity through the foramen ovale
2. Motor root
   • Smaller root
   • Lies deep to the trigeminal ganglion
   • Passes through foramen ovale
   • Joins sensory root
   • Forms main trunk
   • After a short course, main trunk divides into
     1. Small anterior trunk
     2. Large posterior trunk

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Mandibular Nerve Termination:

• It terminates by dividing into small anterior trunk & large posterior trunk

Mandibular Nerve Relations:

Mandibular Nerve Applied Aspects:

• Motor root of mandibular nerve is tested by asking the patient of clench her/his teeth
• In carcinoma of tongue pain is radiated to ear and temporal fossa
• To treat trigeminal neuralgia, sensory root of nerve is divided behind the ganglion
• Mandibular nerve supplies efferent and afferent loops of jawjerk reflex
• During extraction of mandibular teeth inferior alveolar nerve block is given