Local Juvenile Periodontitis or Aggressive Periodontitis
Define aggressive periodontitis (local juvenile periodontitis). Write in detail on the etiology behind local juvenile periodontitis and elaborate on its clinical features, radiological features and treatment plan.
Answer.
Etiology of Local Juvenile Periodontitis
Local Juvenile Periodontitis Microbiological
Presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a key factor which present in high numbers. Virulence factors produced by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans such as leucotoxin, lipopolysaccharide, proteases, collagenases, surface associated material affect immune response and lead to connective tissue destruction and bone resorption.
Local Juvenile Periodontitis Immunological
- Defective chemotaxis due to functional defect in polymor-phoneutrophils.
- Presence of hyper-responsive monocytes which increases prostaglandin IL-1α and IL-1β production which causes bone resorption.
Local Juvenile Periodontitis Genetic
- Familial aggregation is seen.
- As there is presence of specific gene which causes neutrophil abnormalities.
- Transmission through autosomal dominant mode of inheritance.
Read And Learn More: Periodontics Question And Answers
Local Juvenile Periodontitis Environmental
Smoking causes progression of generalized aggressive periodontitis.
Current Concept
- Aggressive form of periodontitis is a multifactorial disease developing as a result of complex interaction between specific host genes and the environment.
- Interaction between disease process, environment and genetically controlled modifying factors contribute to specific clinical manifestations of the disease.
Classify periodontal disease and write in detail localized aggressive periodontitis.
Or
Classify periodontal diseases. Write in detail about the clinical features and radiographic fidings of localized aggressive periodontitis.
Or
Describe clinical and radiological features of localized aggressive periodontics.
Answer.
Classification of Periodontal Disease
- Chronic Periodontitis
- Localized: Less than 30% of sites involved.
- Generalized: More than 30% of sites involved.
- Slight: 1–2 mm clinical attachment loss.
- Moderate: 3–4 mm clinical attachment loss.
- Severe: More than 5 mm clinical attachment loss.
- Aggressive Periodontitis
- Localized: Slight, moderate or severe.
- Generalized.
- Periodontitis as a Manifestation of Systemic Diseases
- Associated with hematological disorders:
- Acquired neutropenia.
- Leukemias.
- Others.
- Associated with genetic disorders:
- Familial and cyclic neutropenia.
- Down syndrome.
- Leukocyte adhesion defiiency syndrome.
- Papillon-Lefévre syndrome.
- Chèdiak-Higashi syndrome.
- Histiocytosis syndrome.
- Glycogen storage disease.
- Infantile genetic agranulocytosis.
- Cohen syndrome.
- Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (Types 4 and 8).
- Hypophosphatasia.
- Others.
- Associated with hematological disorders:
- Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases
- Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis.
- Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis.
- Abscesses of the Periodontium
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- Gingival abscess.
- Periodontal abscess.
- Pericoronal abscess.
- Periodontitis Associated with Endodontic Lesions
Combined periodontic-endodontic lesions.
- Developmental or Acquired
- Deformities and Conditions:
- Localized tooth-related factors that modify or predispose to plaque-induced gingival diseases/periodontitis:
- Tooth anatomic factors.
- Dental restorations/appliances.
- Root fractures.
- Cervical root resorption and cemental tear.
- Mucogingival deformities and conditions around teeth:
- Gingival/soft tissue recession, facial or lingual surfaces, interproximal (papillary).
- Lack of keratinized gingiva.
- Decreased vestibular depth.
- Aberrant frenum/muscle position.
- Gingival excess:
- Pseudopocket
- Inconsistent gingival margin
- Excessive gingival display
- Gingival enlargement.
- Abnormal color.
- Mucogingival deformities and conditions on edentulous ridges:
- Vertical and/or horizontal ridge deficiency.
- Lack of gingival/keratinized tissue.
- Gingival/soft tissue enlargement.
- Aberrant frenum/muscle position.
- Decreased vestibular depth.
- Abnormal color.
- Occlusal trauma:
- Primary occlusal trauma.
- Secondary occlusal trauma.
- Localized tooth-related factors that modify or predispose to plaque-induced gingival diseases/periodontitis:
- Deformities and Conditions:
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