Ketones Urine Test
Write on urinary ketone bodies and their test.
Answer:
Whenever there is inadequate carbohydrate in the diet or a defect in carbohydrate metabolism, the body metabolizes an increasing amount of fatty acids.
Due to this, intermediary products such as ketone bodies increase in blood. Ketone bodies are excreted through urine.
- Ketonuria occurs in diabetes mellitus.
- Detection of ketonuria in diabetes mellitus is necessary to assess the severity of the disease and also to change insulin dosage.
Ketones urine test
Test for Urinary Ketone Bodies
Rothera Test
- Principle
- Nitroprusside used in this test reacts with acetone and acetoacetic acid in the presence of alkali to produce the purple-colored compound.
- Procedure
- Transfer 5 mL of urine to the test tube using a Pasteur pipette.
- Add 1 gm of Rothera powder mixture and mix well.
- Layer over the urine 1 to 2 mL of concentrated ammonium hydroxide.
- Observe a pink-purple ring at the interface.
Observation
- The appearance of a pink-purple ring is suggestive of ketone bodies.
Urine dipstick test for ketones
Dumn and Shipley’s Method
Procedure
- Take two test tubes and label them T & C.
- Add a pinch of a mixture of sodium nitroprusside, ammonium sulfate, and anhydrous sodium carbonate in both test tubes.
- In a tube labeled T, add one drop of urine.
- In a tube labeled C, add one drop of distilled water.
- Observe the color of the reaction mixture after 5 min.
Observation The presence of violet color is suggestive of ketone bodies.
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