HIV Transmission Modes

HIV Transmission Modes

Describe the mode of spread of HIV. Describe treatment.

Answer.

Mode of Spread of HIV

• Sexual intercourse either vaginal or anal.
• Needle pricks, i.e. using unsterilized needles for injections In IV drug abusers, careless handling
• Mother to child: During birth through vaginal secretion, transplacental, through breast milk
• Through blood transfusions and organ transplantations

“Understanding The Modes Of Hiv Transmission”

Treatment Of HIV

• Antiviral therapy or HAART therapy:
  • Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI): Zidovudine,didanosine, abacavir, lamivudine, stavudine.
  • Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI): Nevirapine, delavirdine.
  • Protease inhibitors: Ritonavir, indinavir, amprenavir.
• Treatment of opportunistic infections.
• Treatment of tumors.

“How To Live A Healthy Life While Preventing Hiv Transmission”

•  Immunotherapy:
  • Alpha and gamma interferons.
  • Interleukins.
• Bone marrow transplantation.
• Anti-CD3 or IL-2 after HAART (Highly Active AntiRetroviral Therapy).
• Psychotherapy
• Counseling of HIV patients and their families.
• Life expectancy after initial HIV infection is 8–l0 years.