General Anatomy Important Miscellaneous Question And Answers

Question 1. Radicular Artery
Answer:

• Radicular arteries reach the spinal cord along the roots of spinal nerves

Radicular Artery Origin:

• These arteries arise from spinal branches of the vertebral, ascending cervical, deep cervical, intercostals, lumbar & sacral arteries

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Radicular Artery Types:

• Many of the radicular branches are small & end by supplying tire nerve roots
• A few of them, which are large, contribute blood to the spinal arteries

Radicular Artery Arteria radicularis magna:

• It is one of the large anterior radicular branch
• It supplies blood to as much as the lower two-third of the spinal cord

Radicular Artery Significance:

• Radicular arteries make important contribution to reinforce the longitudinal trunks

Radicular Artery Fate:

• As fetal growth proceeds most of the radicular arteries disappear, those that remain form anastomoses with the anterior & posterior spinal arteries & are commonly known as BOOSTER or FEEDER vessels

Question 2. Medulla oblongata
Answer:

• It is the lowest part of brainstem
• It lies in the anterior part of posterior cranial fossa
• It occupies the infratentorial space

Medulla oblongata vExternal features:

• The medulla is divided into right & left halves by the anterior & posterior median fissures
• Each half is further divided into anterior, lateral & posterior regions
• The anterior region is in the form of a longitudinal elevation called pyramid which is made up of corticospinal fibres
• The upper part of the lateral region shows an oval elevation, tire olive
• The posterolateral region lies between the posterolateral sulcus & the posterior median fissure
• The upper part of this region is marked by a ‘V’ shaped depression
• In the lower part of the medulla, there is another elevation tire tuber cinerium lateral to the “FASCICULUS CUNEATUS”

Medulla oblongata Parts:

• Lower closed part wilh central canal
• Upper open where the central canal opens out to form the fourth ventricle

Medulla oblongata Fibres:

• Corticospinal fibre
  • It form, the pyramid
• External arcuate fibres
  • It crosses the upper part of the pyramid transversely
• Circumolivary bundle
  • This bundle of fibre curves around the lower edge of the olive

Question 1. Inferior horn of lateral ventricle
Answer:

• This is the largest horn of the lateral ventricle

Inferior horn of lateral ventricle Extend:

• It begins at the junction of the central part with the posterior horn of the lateral ventricle
• It extends into the temporal bone

Inferior horn of lateral ventricle Boundaries:

• Roof:
  • Tapetum
  • Tail of caudate nucleus
  • Stria terminalis
  • Amygdaloid body
• Floor:
  • Collateral eminence
  • Hippocampus

Question 2. Spinal cord
Answer:

• It is the long cylindrical lower part of central nervous system
• It occupies upper 2/3ri1 of vertebral canal
• It gives rise to 31 pairs of spinal nerve

Spinal cord Length:

• It is 18 inches/ 45 cm in an adult

Spinal cord Extend:

• It extends from upper border of atlas vertebra to the lower border
  of first lumbar vertebra
• Superiorly it is continuous with medulla oblongata
• Interiorly it terminates as conus medullaris

Question 3. Draw & label section of spinal cord showing major descending and ascending tracts
Answer:

Question 4. Enlist the various sets of arteries supplying the long bones. Answer:

Arteries supplying the long bones n Nutrient artery

• Epiphyseal artery
• Hypophyseal artery
• Periosteal artery