Functions Of Proteins

Functions of proteins.
Answer.

Primary Tissue Building
- Protein is the fundamental structural material of every cell in the body. The primary functions are to repair the worn out, wasted or damaged tissue and build up new tissue. Thus, protein meets the growth needs and maintains tissue health during adult years. In addition to body building functions, protein has other body functions related to energy, water balance, metabolism and body’s defence mechanism.

Functions of Proteins in the Body

Energy System

- Carbohydrates are the primary fuel source for the body assisted by fat as stored fuel. In times of need (e.g., Starvation) protein may also furnish additional fuel to sustain heat and energy. Fuel supplied by protein is 4 k cal/gm (like carbohydrates).
Water Balance
- Plasma proteins, especially albrumin helps to control water balance throughout the body by exerting osmotic pressure to maintain internal circulation of body fluids and capillary blood flow.

Functions Of Proteins

Metabolism
- Protein aids metabolic functions through enzymes, hormones and transport agents. Digestive and cell hormones are hormones that control metabolic functions. Enzymes are necessary for the digestion of Carbohydrates (amylase) fats (lipase) and proteins (proteases) are all proteins. Proteins also act as vehicles in which nutrients are carried throughout the body. Lipoproteins are necessary to transport fats in the water soluble blood supply. Other examples are haemoglobin and transferrin, the iron transport proteins in blood. Hormones such as insulin and glucagen are also proteins that have a major role in the metabolism of glucose.
The Body Defence System
- Protein is used to build special white blood cells (lymphocytes) and antibodies as part of body’s immune system to help defend against infection and diseases.
Energy Supply
- A small part of body’s need for energy (about 6 to 12%) is supplied by products of protein metabolism.

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