Forensics, Comparative Anatomy, Geometries, Form And Function Question And Answers

Forensics, Comparative Anatomy, Geometries, Form And Function

Question 1. Compensatory curves/occlusal curvatures.
Answer:

1. Curve of SPEE:

• It is an anteroposterior curve, an imaginary line beginning from the lower canine, buccal cusps of all lower teeth, and approximates the arc of a circle.
• Extending the arc through the head of the condyle forms a circle of 4 inches in diameter.

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2. Curve of monsoon:

Curves of Spee It is a lateral curve with its concavity facing upwards and increases in steepness from before backward, the occlusal surfaces of the upper molars facing outwards and downwards.

3. Curve of Wilson:

• It is concave for mandibular teeth and convex for maxillary teeth.
• It is a curve drawn from the left mandibular first molar to the right mandibular first molar.

Significance:

• It cannot be used to set teeth in complete dentures.
• The anterior-posterior curvature is related to the amount of anterior guidance to obtain posterior disclusion of the teeth in lateral and protrusive mandibular movements.

Question 2. Bite marks.
Answer:

• When the dentition of a human/animal impresses the surface of an object during the act of biting, a mark is imprinted called a bite mark.

Characteristics:

• It includes the size and shape of the pattern.
• It should be consistent with the dental arch size of the suspected biter.
• It retains a circular shape consisting of two half arches separated by a space i.e., a temporomandibular joint.
• One each should be larger representing the maxillary arch.
• Individual characteristics.
  1. Maxillary central incisor – large rectangle.
  2. Mandibular incisor and maxillary lateral incisor – small rectangle
  3. Cuspid – point or triangle
  4. Maxillary cuspid – figure eight pattern.
  5. Mandibular cuspid – point.
  6. Molar – not seen routinely.

Significance:

• It is used for forensic purposes.
• The pattern left by the teeth can be evaluated and compared to the dentition and suspected caused it.
• No two individuals have an identical dentition, thus, useful in forensic dentistry.

Question 3. Occlusion and malocclusion.
Answer:

Occlusion:

• It is used to designate the anatomical alignment of the teeth and their relationship to the rest of the masticatory

Malocclusion:

• It describes deviations in intramaxillary and/or intermaxillary relations of the teeth and/or jaws.

Question 4. Gingiva.
Answer:

• It fills the interproximal space, a pyramidal-like space, and extends from the alveolar bone to and around the proximal contacts of the teeth.
• It covers part of the cervical third of the tooth crowns and fills the interproximal spaces.

Gingival line:

• It represents the gingival level on the tooth.
• It follows the curvature
• Its level is variable
• Misalignment of the teeth may change its level.

Example: Dehiscence, fenestration, gingival recession.

Question 5. Cervical line.
Answer:

• It is defined as a cementoenamel junction.
• It is a stable, anatomical demarcation.
• A curvature on the crowns at the cervical third above the cervical line, labially or buccally and lingually is observed.
• It is called cervicoenamel ridge/cervical ridge.
• It should not be over-contoured or under-contoured in full-crown restoration.

Question 6. Curve of Wilson
Answer:

• It is a curve that contacts the buccal and lingual cusp tips of the mandibular buccal teeth.
• It is mediolateral on each side of the arch and is due to the lingual inclination of mandibular posteriors The curve of Wilson is concave for mandibular teeth and convex for maxillary teeth.
• It is a cross-arch, cross-tooth curve and indicates the differences between supporting and non-supporting cusps in occlusion.

Question 7. Curve of Monson
Answer:

• Also called the lateral curve
• The curve of occlusion in which each cusp and incisal edge conforms to a segment of a sphere of 8 inches in diameter with its center in the region of the glabella.
• The curve usually does not exceed 5-10 degrees from the horizontal plane of orientation when viewed the frontal plane.
• It involves molar teeth and its concavity facing upwards