Eczema Explained: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Overview

Eczema Explained: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Overview

Question. Write a short note on eczema.

Answer.

Eczema

Eczema is defined as an itchy red rash that initially weeps or oozes serum and may become crusted, thickened, or scaly.

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Classification of Eczema

• Atopic
• Seborrhoeic
• Discoid
• Irritant
• Allergic
• Asteatotic
• Gravitational
• Lichen simplex
• Pompholyx.

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Symptoms of eczema

Acute symptoms:

• Redness and swelling with ill defied margins.
• Papules, vesicles, and more rending large blister.
• Exudation and cracking
• Scaling.

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Chronic symptoms:

• Less vascular and exudative lichenification, i.e. a dry lathery thickening with increased skin margins,secondary to rubbing and scratching
• Fissures and stretch marks
• Pigmentation change.

Diagnostic Criteria

Itchy skin and at least three of the following:

• History of itch in skin creases
• History of asthma/hay fever.
• Dry skin
• Visible flxural eczema.

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Management

General:

• Explanation, reassurance and encouragement
• Avoidance of contact with irritants
• Regular use of greasy emollients

Medical:

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Symptoms of Eczema: How to Identify and Manage

• Topical steroids, i.e. prednisolone and hydrocortisone are used.
• Topical immunosuppressants are used.
• Blend emollients are used regularly both directly on skin and in bath.
• Sedative antihistaminics, i.e. alimemazine tartrate or trimeprazine tartrate, if sleep is interrupted.