Deep Structures of Neck Short Essay Question And Answers

Describe coverings, position, parts, relations, blood supply & applied anatomy of thyroid gland (or) Medial relations of lobe of thyroid gland (or) Name any four structures related to medial surface of thyroid gland (or) Blood supply of thyroid gland (or) Isthmus of thyroid gland
Answer:

Thyroid gland:

• Coverings
  • Capsule of thyroid

1. True capsule

• It is the peripheral condensation of the connective tissue of the gland
• A dense capillary plexus is present deep to it

Read And Learn More: BDS Previous Examination Question And Answers

2. False capsule

• It is derived from the pretracheal layer of the deep cervical fascia

Position:

• It lies against vertebrae C5, C6, C7 & T1, in front & at sides of trachea

Parts:

• Each gland consists of two lobes connected by an isthmus

Relations:

• The lobes are conical in shape having

1. 1. Apex
   2. Base
   3. Three surfaces
   4. Two borders

• Ishmus has
  1. Two surfaces
  2. Two borders

Blood supply:

• Arterial supply

Venous drainage:

Applied anatomy:

• Any enlargement of the thyroid gland is called goitre
• Hyperthyroidism causes tachycardia, tremors, exophthalmos & increased BMR
• It may require thyroidectomy, removal of gland
• For it, the superior thyroid artery is ligated near the gland & inferior thyroid artery is ligated away from the gland
• Hypothyroidism causes cretinism in infants & myxoedema in adults
• Benign tumors of the gland displaces & even compress neighboring structures
• Malignant tumors of the gland invade & erode neighboring structures