Cysts and Pseudocysts of the Oral Cavity: Types, Causes, and Treatment Options

Cysts And Pseudocysts Of The Oral Cavity

What are the different types of cysts in an oral cavity? Describe etiology, pathogenesis, and management.

Answer. Cyst is defined as “A pathological cavity having flid,semiflid or gaseous contents and which is not created by accumulation of pus.” Kramer (1974).

Classification of Cyst in Oral Cavity by Mervin Shear

Cysts Of The Jaws:

Epithelial:

Developmental:

Odontogenic

• Gingival cyst of infants
• Odontogenic keratocyst (neoplasm)
• Dentigerous cyst
• Eruption cyst
• Lateral periodontal cyst
• Gingival cyst of adults
• Botryoid odontogenic cyst
• Glandular odontogenic cyst
• Calcifying odontogenic cyst (neoplasm).

Non-odontogenic

• Nasopalatine duct cyst
• Nasolabial cyst
• midpalatal raphe cyst of infants
• Median palatine, median alveolar
• Median mandibular cyst
• Globulomaxillary cyst.

Inflammatory:

• Radicular cyst, apical and lateral
• Residual cyst
• Paradental cystand mandibular infected buccal cyst
• Inflmmatory collateral cyst.

Nonepithelial: (Pseudocysts)

• Solitary bone cyst
• Aneurysmal bone cyst.

Cyst associated with maxillary antrum:

• Benign mucosal cyst of the maxillary antrum
• Postoperative maxillary cyst.

Cyst Of The Soft Tissues Of Mouth, Face, And Neck

• Dermoid and epidermoid cyst
• Lymphoepithelial cyst (Brachial cyst)
• Thyroglossal duct cyst.
• Anterior medial lingual cyst (Intra lingual cyst of foregut origin)
• Oral cyst with gastric or intestinal epithelium
• Cystic hygroma
• Nasopharyngeal cyst
• Thymic cyst
• Cyst of salivary glands: mucous extravasation cyst,mucous retention cyst, ranula, polycystic disease of the parotid.
• Parasitic cyst: hydatid cyst, cysticercus cellulose, trichinosis.

Etiology, Pathogenesis, And Management Of Various Cysts of Oral Cavity