Bleeding Disorders

Describe etiopathogenesis of bleeding disorders with lab diagnosis.
Answer:

Bleeding disorder or hemorrhagic diathesis are a group of disorder characterized by defective hemostasis with abnormal bleeding.

Bleeding disorder Etiopathogenesis

Hemorrhagic diasthesis is due to vascular abnormalities:
- Vascular bleeding disorder also called nonthrombocytopenic purpura or vascular purpuras are normally mild and characterized by petechiae, purpuras or ecchymoses confied to the skin and mucus membrane. Vascular bleeding disorders may be inherited or acquired.
Hemorrhagic diasthesis due to platelet disorders:
- Disorders of platelet function:
  - Defective platelet adhesion: Bernard-Soulier syndrome Von-Willebrand’s disease
    - - Defective platelet aggregation: Thrombasthenia
        
        Disorders of platelet release reaction:
Coagulation of disorder: A deficiency of each of the thirteen known plasma coagulation factors has been reported, which may be inherited or acquired.
- Classic hemophilia (Hemophilia A): It occurs due to defiiency or reduced activity of factor 8. Patients of hemophilia suffr from bleeding for hours after the injury.
- Von Willebrand’s disease

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