Basal Nuclei Limbic System And Lateral Ventricle Question And Answers

Basal Nuclei Limbic System And Lateral Ventricle Question And Answers

Question 1. What are basal nuclei? List their functions.
Answer.

The basal nuclei are large masses of grey matter located in the basal part of the cerebral hemisphere. They include the corpus striatum, claustrum, and amygdaloid body.

Basal nuclei anatomy

Basal Nuclei Functions

• To control the automatic associated movements, like swinging of arms during walking.
• To help in smoothing the voluntary motor activities of the body.
• To prevent the occurrence of involuntary movements.

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Question 2. Write a short note on the corpus striatum.
Answer.

The corpus striatum is situated laterally to the thalamus. Topographically, it is almost completely divided into two parts: the caudate and lentiform nuclei by a band of fibres of the internal capsule. However, anteroinferiorly, the two parts are connected by a thin band of grey matter across the anterior limb of the internal capsule.

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Caudate Nucleus: The caudate nucleus is a large, comma-shaped mass of grey matter that surrounds the thalamus and is itself surrounded by the lateral ventricle. It is divided into three parts – head, body, and tail.

• The head is large and rounded and lies on the floor and lateral wall of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle. Its lower part is connected with the putamen by thin bands of grey matter.
• The body is long and narrow. It lies in the lateral part of the central part of the lateral ventricle.
• The tail is long and slender. It runs forward in the roof of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle and merges with the amygdaloid nucleus.

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Lentiform nucleus: The lentiform nucleus is a large, lens-shaped (biconvex lens) nucleus. In the horizontal section of the cerebrum, it appears wedge-shaped. It has three surfaces: lateral, medial, and inferior. Its lateral surface is highly convex.

It is related to the external capsule, which separates it from the claustrum. Its medial surface is also highly convex. It is related to the internal capsule, which separates it from the head of the caudate nucleus and the thalamus. Its inferior surface is associated with the sublentiform part of the internal capsule and lies close to the anterior perforated substance.