Amyloidosis

Amyloidosis

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Amyloidosis is the term used for a group of diseases characterized by the extracellular deposition of a fibrillar proteinaceous substance called amyloid.

Classification of Amyloidosis

Primary Amyloidosis

• Biochemical Composition: AL protein
• Associated Organ: Kidney, heart, bowel, nerve, and skin
• Associated disease: Plasma cell dyscrasias, multiple myeloma, B-cell lymphoma.

Amyloidosis Pathogenesis

Morphology of Amyloidosis

• Primary amyloidosis: This affects the kidney, liver, spleen, lymph node, adrenal gland, and thyroid gland
• Secondary amyloidosis: This affects the heart, kidney, GIT, peripheral nerves, skin, and tongue.

Amyloidosis Gross Features

• Affected organs are fim, enlarged, and waxy.
• Painting the cut surface with iodine imparts yellow color which changes to bluish violet after the application of sulphuric acid.

Amyloidosis pathology

Pathologic Changes in Amyloidosis of Organ

• The affected organ is usually enlarged, pale, and rubbery cut surface shows fim, waxy and translucent parenchyma.
• The deposits of amyloid are found in extracellular locations, initially in the walls of small blood vessels producing microscopic changes and effects.