Uses Of Propranolol
Write uses of propranolol.
Answer:
Uses Of Propranolol
- Essential Hypertension: Propranolol is used alone or can be combined with either a diuretic or α-adrenergic blocking drug. The fall in blood pressure, when used alone, is gradual and without postural hypotension.
- Ischemic Heart Disease: It decreases the workload on the heart, diminishes myocardial oxygen demand, and increases exercise tolerance; hence β-blockers benefit patients having angina of effort. The drug should be given continuously and not merely when an attack occurs.
- Myocardial Infarction: β-blockers significantly decrease the incidence, recurrence, and mortality in cases of myocardial infarction after long-term use.
- Cardiac Arrhythmias: Propranolol is effective in all supraventricular tachycardias associated with high levels of circulating catecholamines as occurs with the use of certain general anesthetics like halothane, in digitalis toxicity, pheochromocytoma, and thyrotoxicosis. The beneficial effect is mainly due to an increase in the refractory period of the AV node and direct membrane stabilizing action.
- Congestive cardiac failure: Propranolol should be introduced gradually and should be maintained for a long time. The drug has the tendency to retard the progression of congestive cardiac failure.
- Dissecting aortic aneurysm: It reduces the cardiac contractile force and aortic pulsation. It also reduces the rate of development of pressure at the time of systole.
- Pheochromocytoma: The drug in pheochromocytoma control cardiac manifestations such as tachycardia and arrhythmia.
- Hyperthyroidism: The drug controls the sign and symptoms produced due to hyperthyroidism without affecting the thyroid status.
- Anxiety: Propranolol has antianxiety effects and controls palpitation, tachycardia, tremor, sweating, etc.
- Essential tremors: Propranolol provides relief in cases with essential tremors.
- Glaucoma: It reduces intraocular pressure by decreasing the production of aqueous humor.
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