Thyroid

Thyroid

“What is the thyroid gland? A detailed question and answers guide”

Histology of Thyroid
Answer:

• It is covered by a fibrous capsule
• Septa extends from capsule into gland substance & divides it into
  lobules
• Each lobule is made up of follicles
• Follicle has a cavity filled with colloid
• Each follicle consists of
  1. Cells:
     1. Follicular cells
        • They line the follicles
        • They secrete T3 & T4 hormones They contains
          • Golgi complex
          • Lysosomes
          • Microtubules
          • Microfilaments
          • Secretory vacuoles
        • They vary in shape according to their activity
          • Normally Cells are cuboidal with moderate colloid
          • Inactive cell are flat with abundant colloid
          • Highly active cell are columnar with scanty colloid
  2. C cells or parafollicular cells
     • They are polyhedral cells with oval nuclei

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Histology of thyroid Location:

• In between follicular cells & basement membrane.
• In connective tissue between the follicles

Histology of thyroid Contains:

• Granular endoplasmic reticulum
• Golgi complex
• Mitochondria
• Membrane bound Secretory granules
  Hormone secreted:
• Thyrocalcitonin

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2. Connective tissue stroma

• It surrounds the follicles
• It contains capillary plexus, lymphatic capillaries & sympathetic nerves