Thrombophlebitis: Causes, Clinical Features, And Treatment
Write short note on thrombophlebitis.
Answer. Thrombophlebitis is a superficial vein thrombosis with inflammation.
Thrombophlebitis Types
- Acute: It is caused due to IV cannulation, trauma, minor infections and hypercoagulability.
- Recurrent
- Spontaneous: Polycythemia vera, polyarteritis, Buerger’s disease
- Thrombophlebitis migrans: It is spontaneous migrating thrombophlebitis seen in visceral malignancies like pancreas, stomach.
- Mondor’s disease
Thrombophlebitis Clinical Features
- Pain, redness, tenderness, cord-like thickening of veins
- Fever is present
- It is seen in upper limb or lower limb.
Thrombophlebitis Investigations
Duplex ultrasound Doppler of both limbs is must.
Thrombophlebitis Complications
- Destruction of venous valves leads to varicose veins
- Embolism, infection.
Thrombophlebitis Treatment
- Elevation of the limb.
- Anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics should be given
- Application of crepe bandage—Compression therapy
- Anticoagulation: Low molecular weight heparin for superficial venous thrombosis >3 cm in length.
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