The Types Of Dental Fillings

The Types Of Dental Fillings

Classifytooth filling materials. Give ideal requirements for filling materials. Describe the  advantages, disadvantages
Answer:

Classification of Tooth Filling Materials:

• According to the Nature of Materials:
  • Metallic: Dental amalgam, direct filing gold, miracle mix, casting gold, and base metal alloys.
  • Non-metallic: Dental cement, composites, and ceramics.
• According to Life Span:
  • Permanent restorative materials: Dental amalgam, direct filing gold, miracle mix, casting gold and base metal alloys, composites, ceramics, and modified glass ionomer cement
  • Semipermanent/intermediate: Life span is weeks to months. Modified zinc oxide eugenol cement, zinc
    phosphate cement, and zinc polycarboxylate cement.
  • Temporary: Life span is days to weeks. Acrylic resins, zinc oxide eugenol cement.
• According to Placement:
  • Anterior restorations: Glass ionomer cement, silicate cement, composites, and ceramics.
  • Posterior restorations: Dental amalgam, posterior composites, metal-modified glass ionomer cement, base
    metal alloys, and metal ceramics.
• According to the Technique
  • Direct restorations: Dental cement, dental amalgam, direct filing gold, composites.
  • Indirect restorations: Ceramics, casting gold, and base metal alloys.
• According to Hardening:
  • Acid-base reactions: Dental cement except for resin cement.
  • Polymerization: Composites, resin cement, compomers.
  • Solidification: Casting gold and base metal alloys, ceramics

Ideal Requirements for Filling Materials:

The ideal requirements of tooth-colored restorative materials are:

1. Biologically compatible.
2. Physical property should be good.
3. Easily manipulated.
4. Aesthetic quality.
5. Economic.

• Biologically compatible:
  • The material should be tasteless, odorless, non-toxic, non-irritating, and non-harmful to the oral tissues.
  • The material should be insoluble in saliva and other fluids have been taken.
  • The material should be impermeable to oral fluid.
• Physical properties should be good:
  • Adequate strength
  • Resist biting or chewing force, impact force, and excessive wear that can occur in the oral cavity.
  • The material should also be dimensionally stable under all conditions of thermal changes and variation
    in loading.
  • The material should also have low specific gravity and weight.
• Manipulation: Material should not produce toxic fumes.
  • It should be easy to mix, insert, shape, and cure.
  • It should be insensitive to handling procedures.
  • The final product is easy to polish, finish, and also repair.
• Aesthetic properties: Material should have the ability to match the appearance of oral tissue.
• Economic: The processing method should be low-cost, and not require complex and expensive equipment.

Advantages of Composite Resins:

• Composites are highly esthetic restorative materials.
• Working time is quite good due to the multiple curing system.
• The placement of composites is very easy.
• They are moderately strong and durable.
• Corrosion does not occur in composites.
• Composites are easily repaired.

Disadvantages of Composite Resins:

• It is very technique-sensitive.
• It undergoes shrinkage.
• It does not bond directly to tooth structure, it requires dentin bonding agents.
• Composite resins stick to instruments.
• Composite resin is non-condensable.
• If restoration of composites is improperly done microleakage and recurrent caries may occur.
• Composite resins have low wear resistance as compared to metal restorations.
• The life span of composites is shorter when compared to the life span of metallic restorations.
• Composites get stained with time and can show color instability.