Temporomandibular Joint

Temporomandibular Joint

Question 1. Describe the movements of temporomandibular joint & mention the muscles producing these movements. What are the factors responsible for its stability (or) Articular disc of TMJ
Answer:

Movements & muscles producing TMJ

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TMJ Factors effecting stability:

1. Stress
2. Position of teeth when they are engaged
   • Loss of posterior teeth reduces the support of the jaw & joint activity
   • While the remaining produces greater strain on the joint

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Question 2. Describe temporomandibular joint under following headings: type of joint, articular surfaces, ligaments, nerve supply, movements & muscles producing movements
Answer:

Type of Temporomandibular Joint :

• It is a type of bicondylar joint, synovial type

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Temporomandibular Joint Ligaments:

• The ligaments of TMJ are as follows:

1. Fibrous capsule:

Temporomandibular Joint Attachments:

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• The synovial membrane lines the fibrous capsule

2. Lateral or temporomandibular ligament:

• It blends with the lateral part of fibrous capsule
• It reinforces & strengthens the lateral part of fibrous capsule
• It extends from the tubercle of root of zygoma to lateral surface of neck of mandible

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3. Sphenomandibular ligament:

• It is accessory ligament of TMJ
• It is remnant of dorsal part of Meckel’s cartilage

Temporomandibular Joint Location:

• It lies on a deep plane away from the fibrous capsule of TMJ

Temporomandibular Joint Attachments:

• Superiorly: To the spine of sphenoid
• Inferiorly: To the lingula of mandibular foramen

Temporomandibular Joint Relations: It is related

• Laterally to
  • Lateral pterygoid muscle
  • Auriculotemporal nerve
  • Maxillary artery
• Medially to
  • Chorda tympani nerve
  • Wall of pharynx

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4. Stylomandibular ligament:

• It is accessory ligament of temporomandibular joint
• It is derived from investing layer of deep cervical fascia

Temporomandibular Joint Extend:

• From lateral surface of the styloid process of temporal bone
• Upto angle & adjacent parts of posterior border of the ramus of mandible

Temporomandibular Joint Nerve Supply:

• It is supplied by

1. 1. Auriculotemporal nerve
   2. Masseteric nerve