Supernumerary Teeth: Classification, Complications, and Care

Supernumerary Teeth: Classification, Complications, and Care

Question. Write a short note on supernumerary teeth.

Answer.

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The presence of any extra tooth in the dental arch in addition to the normal series of teeth is known as supernumerary teeth.

Classification

According to the morphology

• Conical: This small peg-shaped conical tooth is supernumerary.
• Tuberculate: This type of supernumerary tooth
  possesses more than one cusp or tubercle. It is of barrel-shaped and may be invaginated.
• Supplemental: It refers to the duplication of the teeth in normal series. The most common tooth is a permanent maxillary lateral incisor.
• Odontome: This represents the hamartomatous malformation.

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According to location

• Mesiodens: They are located between two upper central incisors.
• Distomolars: They are located on the distal aspect of regular molar teeth in the dental arch.
• Paramolar: They are located either in the buccal or lingual aspect of normal molars.
• Extra-lateral incisors: They are more common in the maxillary arch.

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Clinical Features

• Supernumerary teeth cause crowding or malocclusion and give rise to cosmetic problem.
• These extra teeth are responsible for the increase caries incidence and periodontal problem.
• Multiple supernumerary teeth can occur in association with the conditions like Gardener’s syndrome.
• Dentigerous cyst may sometimes develop from an impacted supernumerary tooth.

Treatment

• Supernumerary teeth should be extracted.
• Impacted supernumerary teeth should also be removed surgically since they can interfere with normal tooth alignment.

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