Sterilization Important Question And Answers
Question.1. Write briefly on sterilization.
Or
Write short note on sterilization in surgery.
Or
Write short note on sterilization.
Answer. Sterilization is the complete removal of all types of microbes. It can be attempted by one of the following methods of sterilization.
1. Heat method: Dry heat or moist heat
2. Ionizing radiation
3. Ethylene oxide gas.
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Sterilization Heat Method
- Dry heat: The most common apparatus, which works on the principles of dry heat, is hot air oven.
- The hot air oven, which has controlled cycles,160°C for one hour are suitable for killing bacteria on materials, which are not penetrated by steam.
- Dry heat oxidize the bacterial cytoplasm, e.g. glassware, oils, petroleum jelly.
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- Moist heat: Steam kills bacteria by coagulating cytoplasm and is an extremely effient sterilizer when used under increased pressure when the temperature exceeds 100°.
- Autoclave is the apparatus used which causes sterilization by moist heat within 30 min.
- The autoclave work at temperature of 121°C at 15 Ibs pressure per square inch for 15 to 20 minutes.
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Sterilization Ionizing Radiation
Gamma rays are lethal, non-charged, ultrashort, wavelength rays with great penetrating power from a radioactive isotope such as cobalt-60, disposable plastic syringes, sutures and rubber glass are examples.
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Sterilization Ethylene Oxide Gas
- It is a highly toxic inflammable gas, which kills all types of microbes including bacterial spores.
- CO2 is mixed with ethylene oxide gas to reduce likelihood of explosion.
- The gas diffuses well through items such as plastic materials, swab,s and paper.
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