Stages Of Spermatogenesis: From Spermatogonia To Mature Sperm

Stages Of Spermatogenesis: From Spermatogonia To Mature Sperm

Question 1. What is the effect of female sex hormones in the growth of mammary gland?

Answer:

Role of female sex hormones on mammary glands:

Question 2. Describe the stages of spermatogenesis.
Answer:

• Spermatogenesis is the process of formation of male gametes called spermatozoa from primitive germ cell in the testis

Stages:

1. Stage of proliferation

• Each spermatogonia contains 22 autosomes and one sex chromosome either X or Y
• During this stage, spermatogonia divides by mitosis
• Chromosome number remain unchanged
• Spermatogonia migrates towards the lumen of seminiferous tubules

2. Stage of growth

• Primary spermatocyte formed grows into large cells

3. Stage of maturation

• Each primary spermatocyte is divided by meiosis in 2 stages
• As a result, total 4 spermatids are formed with half number of chromosome

4. Stage of transformation

• The spermatids formed are transform into mature spermatozoa called sperms
• These sperms are then release into the lumen of seminiferous tubules

Question 3. Functions of testis
Answer:

1. Helps in production of gamete in the gonads

• Testis helps in gametogenesis
• It is process by which male gametes called sperms are formed from the primitive spermatogenic cells in the testis
• It takes 74 days

2. It synthesis and secretes androgenic hormones

• They are
  • Testosterone in large quantity – functions
• Sex differentiation in fetus by
  • Suppressing growth of mullerian ducts
  • Causing growth of wolffian ducts
• Development of external genitalia and accessory sex organs namely genital ducts, seminal vesicle and prostrate
• Descent of testis from abdominal cavity to scrotum
• It has effect on sex organs and secondary sexual characters in adults
  • Dihydrotestosterone
  • Androstenediones
• These are secreted by the interstitial cells of leydig in testis

3. Production and storage of viable sperms