Spleen And Lymphatic System
“What is the spleen and lymphatic system? A detailed question and answers guide”
Question 1. Functions of spleen.
Answer:
1. Formation:
- Spleen forms RBC in 2nd trimester of uterine life and after destruction of red bone marrow in adults.
- Spleen contains lymphoid tissues, which forms lymphocytes and plasma cells.
2. Destruction:
- Spleen destroys aged RBCs, WBCs and platelets.
3. Defense:
- Spleen phagocytose the micro-organisms and other foreign bodies.
- It forms antibodies due to the presence of T and B lymphocytes in it.
4. Reservoir:
- Spleen stores large number of RBCs which is released in emergency conditions.
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Question 2. Spleenomegaly:
Answer:
Enlargement of spleen is called spleenomegaly.
Causes:
- Infectious diseases
- Inflammatory diseases
- Haematological disorders.
- Liver diseases
- Pernicious anaemia.
- Cysts in spleen.
- Hodgkin’s disease
- Glandular fever.
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Effects:
- Hemolysis.
- Anaemia – low RBC count
- Leukopenia – low WBC count
- Thrombocytopenia – low platelet count.
- Increase in plasma volume as the volume of formed elements decreases.
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Question 3. Properties of blood.
Answer:
1. Color:
- Blood is red in color.
- Arterial blood-scarlet red due to more oxygen.
- Venous blood-purple red due to more carbon dioxide.
2. Volume:
- Average volume – 5 litres
- In newborn – 450 ml.
- In females 4.5 litres
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3. pH:
- Blood is alkaline with pH-7.4.
4. Specific gravity:
- Total blood -1.052 -1.061
- Blood cells – 10.92-1.101
- Plasma-1.022 -1.026
5. Viscocity:
- Blood is 5 times more viscous than water.
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