Specific System Disorders Question And Answers

Specific System Disorders Question And Answers

Question 1. Write short note on Boeck’s sarcoid.

Answer. It is also called as sarcoidosis or Schaumann’s disease.

1. It is a multisystem granulomatous disease.

2. It is characterized by depression of delayed type of hypersensitivity, suggesting an impaired cell- mediated immunity a raised or abnormal serum immunoglobulin, suggesting lymphoproliferation.

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Clinical Features of Boeck’s sarcoid

• It commonly affects young adults and shows much prevalence in blacks.
• Lesions are most common in lungs, skin, lymph nodes, salivary glands, spleen and bones.
• There is presence of malaise, fever, weight loss, fatigue and cough.
• It presents most frequently with hilar lymphadenopathy, pulmonary infiltration and skin and eye lesions.

Oral Manifestations of Boeck’s sarcoid

• It is rare in oral cavity, but cases are reported on lip, palate and buccal mucosa.
• It appears as small papular nodules or plaque on lips.
• On palate and buccal mucosa, they are bleb-like, containing yellow fluid.
• Increased incidence of dental caries.

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Radiological Features of Boeck’s sarcoid

Radiological changes in lungs are of paramount importance.

1. Based on the chest radiograph, four stages of sarcoidosis are distinguished.

• Stage 0: Characterized by normal radiograph of thorax.
• Stage 1: Bilateral enlargement of hilar lymph nodes, without pathologic changes in lung fields.
• Stage 2: Bilateral enlargement of hilar lymph nodes with pathologic changes in lung fields around the hili.
• Stage 3: No enlargement of lymph nodes, but extended and sometimes patchy or striped changes in both lung fields.

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Management of Boeck’s sarcoid

Corticosteroids may be given.

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Question 2. Write short note on antibiotic prophylaxis in infective endocarditis.

Answer. Following is the antibiotic prophylaxis in infective endocarditis:

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