Sinoatrial Node

Sinoatrial Node

Question 1. Pacemaker/Sinoarotic node. (SA node). (or) Name the specialized conducting tissue of heart. (or) Properties of cardiac muscle.
Answer:

Sinoarotic Node Location:

• Sinoarotic node is situated in the right atrium just below the opening of superior vena cava.

Sinoarotic Node Pacemaker:

• It is defined as the part of the heart from which the impulses for heartbeat are produced.
• In mammalian heart, this pacemaker is sinoatrial node.

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Sinoarotic Node Dimensions:

• Length – 15 mm
• Width 2 mm
• Thickness – 1 mm

Sinoarotic Node Innervation:

• SA node is supplied by right vagus nerve.
• It receives sympathetic nerve fibers from the cervical sympathetic ganglia via the cardiac nerves.

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Question 2. Cardiac cycle.

Answer:

Cardiac cycle Events:

• It consists of
  1. Atrial systole
  2. Ventricular sysole
  3. Atrial diastole
  4. Ventricular diastole.

Question 3. Heart sounds.
Answer:

Heart sounds Types:

1. First heart sound.
2. Second heart sound
3. Third heart sound
4. Fourth heart sound.

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Question 4. ECG.
Answer:

Waves of Normal ECG:

• `P’ Wave
• QRS’ Complex
• T Wave
• ‘U’ Wave

Intervals and segments of ECG:

• P-R interval
• QT interval
• S-T segment
• R – R interval

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Question 5. Draw a neat diagram of ECG and label it. What is the importance of recording ECG?
Answer:

ECG Importance:

• ECG gives information about the rate, rhythm and conductivity of myocardium.
• It is essential diagnostic aid for.
  1. Any conduction defects
  2. Any arrhythmias.
  3. Detection of myocardial infarction.
  4. Detection of ischaemia.