Radiation-Induced Salivary Gland Dysfunction

Radiation-Induced Salivary Gland Dysfunction

Write short note on consequences of unprotected radiation in major salivary gland.
Answer.

Following are the consequences of unprotected radiation on major salivary gland:

“Understanding the role of radiation in salivary gland dysfunction: Q&A explained”

• Parenchymal component of the gland is sensitive to radiation.
• Glands demonstrate progressive fibrosis, adiposis, loss of fine vasculature and simultaneous parenchymal degeneration.
• There is marked decrease in salivary flow.
• Composition of saliva is affected.
• There is increased concentration of sodium, chloride, calcium, magnesium ions and proteins.

“Importance of studying radiation-induced salivary gland dysfunction for better patient outcomes: Questions explained”

• Saliva losses its lubricating properties.
• Mouth becomes dry and tender due to xerostomia.
• pH of saliva is decreased which may initiate decalcification of enamel.
• A compensatory hypertrophy of salivary gland may take place and the xerostomia may subside after 6–12 months after therapy. The xerostomia which persist beyond a year is less likely to show return to normal.