Proteolytic Enzymes

Proteolytic Enzymes

Proteolytic enzymes of pancreas.
Answer:

Proteolytic enzymes:

1. Trypsinogen:

• It is a single long polypeptide chain with molecular weight of 25,000
• It contains 229 amino acids
• It is converted into active trypsin by enterokinase.

Trypsinogen Actions:

• It converts proteins into proteoses and polypeptides by hydrolysis.
• Curdles milk.
• Accelerates blood clotting.
• Activates other enzymes of pancreas.
• It has autocatalytic action.

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2. Chymotrypsinogen:

• It is a polypeptide with a molecular weight of 25,700.
• It has 246 amino acids.
• It is activated by trypsin.

Chymotrypsinogen Actions:

• Digests protein to small polypeptides.
• Causes more rapid digestion of milk.

3. Carboxypeptidases:

• They are activated by trypsin.

Carboxypeptidases Actions:

• They break the terminal bond of protein.
• Carboxypeptidase A splits the proteins into amino acids having aromatic side chains.
• Carboxypeptiase B splits the proteins into amino acids having basic side chains.

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4. Nucleases:

• They split nucleic acids into mononucleotides.

5. Proelastase:

• Proelastase is activated by trypsin.

Proelastase Actions:

• Causes digestion of elastin and other polypeptides.

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6. Collagenase:

• It is also activated by trypsin.
• It digests collagen.
• All these enzymes are secreted in inactive state.
• The inactive granules are activated in the duodenum where they act on proteins.