Pneumonia Explained: Causes, Diagnosis, and Investigations

Pneumonia Explained: Causes, Diagnosis, and Investigations

Question.  Write the etiology, clinical features, investigations and treatment of pneumonia.

Answer.

Etiology pneumonia.

“Importance of studying pneumonia causes and diagnosis for healthcare professionals: Questions explained”

1. Bacterial: Pneumococcus, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus,
2. H.inflenza, E.coli, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, etc.
3. Atypical: Viral, Rickettial, mycoplasmal
4. Protozoal: E. histolytica
5. Fungal: Actinomycosis, aspergillosis, histoplasmosis,nocardiosis
6. Allergic: Loeffl’s syndrome
7. Radiation
8. Collagenosis: Systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, polyarteritis nodosa
9. Chemical: Aspiration of vomitus, gases and smokes,kerosene, paraff and petroleum.

“Understanding pneumonia through FAQs: Causes, diagnosis, and investigations explained”

Investigations pneumonia

Causes of Pneumonia and Risk Factors

1. X­ray chest is done for assessing the opacity in lung.
2. Examination of sputum is done by Gram’s and Ziehl Neelsen stains.
3. Sensitivity as well as sputum culture should be carried out for anaerobic and aerobic organisms.
4. If sputum is absent, then bronchoscopic aspiration is done for both culture and sensitivity.
5. Blood examination is done for assessing leucocytosis.
6. Sputum, urine and serum testing should be done for identifying the pneumococcal antigen.
7. If empyema is present, then pleural flid aspiration is done.
8. Blood gas analysis should be done.

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