PA Water’s View

PA Water’s View

Write short note on technique and indication for PA Water’s view.
Answer.

PA Water’s View

Structure shown

This projection is used to demonstrate the maxillary sinus. It also shows frontal and ethmoidal sinus. The orbit, frontozygomatic suture, nasal cavity, coronoid process of the mandible and the zygomatic arch are also seen.

Film Placement

• Cassette is placed perpendicular to the flor in a cassette holding device.
• Long axis of the zygomatic arch is also seen.

Position of Patient

Position of patient should be such that the mid-sagittal plane should be vertical and perpendicular to the plane of film.

• Patient’s head is extended so that only the chin touches the cassette.
• Cassette is centered around the acanthion.
• The canthomeatal line should be at 37° to the plane of the fim external auditory meatus to the mental protuberance should be perpendicular to the fim.
• Water specified that the tip of the nose should be 0.5 to 1.5 mm away from the cassette.
• Patient’s head is extended as far as comfortable, to make lower border of mandible as parallel to cassette as possible. Only chin touches the cassette. Canthomeatal line should be approximately parallel to plane of the film.

Central Ray

Perpendicular and to the mid point of the fim.

Exposure Parameter

kVp: 65.

mA: 10.

Seconds: 2.3.

Indication

For demonstrating maxillary sinus, frontal and ethmoidal sinus.