What Is a Giant Cell Tumor of Bone and How Is It Diagnosed?

What Is a Giant Cell Tumor of Bone and How Is It Diagnosed?

Write a short note on a giant cell tumor of bone.
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Write a short note on a giant cell tumor of bone.
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Write a short note on giant cell tumors.
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“Understanding the role of giant cell tumors in bone health”

Giant cell tumor of bone

A giant cell tumor of bone is also known as osteoclastoma.

“Importance of studying giant cell tumors for better healthcare outcomes”

Giant Cell Tumor Origin

Tumor arises in the epiphysis of long bones which is close to the articular cartilage.

Giant Cell Tumor Clinical Features

• The tumor arises between 20 to 40 years of age.
• The most commonly involved sites are the lower end of the femur and the upper end of the tibia; the lower end of the radius and the upper end of the file.
• Patient complaints of pain especially over the weight-bearing areas and during movement.
• There is also the presence of swelling and pathological fracture.

Read And Learn More: Pathology Questions and Answers

“Common challenges in diagnosing and managing giant cell tumors of bone”

Giant cell Tumor Radiographic Feature

It appears as a large lobulated and osteolytic lesion at the end of the expanded long bone with a soap bubble appearance.

Giant Cell Tumor Gross Features

• Grossly, a giant cell tumor is eccentrically located in the epiphyseal end of a long bone that is expanded.
• The tumor is well-circumscribed, dark tan, and covered by a thin shell of subperiosteal bone.
• The cut surface of the tumor is characteristically hemorrhagic, necrotic, and honeycombed due to focal areas of cystic degeneration.

“Steps to explain what a giant cell tumor of bone is”

Giant Cell Tumor Histological Features

• Histologically there is the presence of a large number of multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells which are scattered throughout the stromal mononuclear cells.
• Giant cells consist of 100 nuclei and are similar to normal osteoclasts.
• Stromal cells are mononuclear cells and are real tumor cells. They are uniform, plump, spindle-shaped or round to oval cells with numerous mitotic figures.
• Stroma is scanty collagenous and has rich vascularity, and areas of hemorrhage and macrophages are commonly seen.

“Role of multinucleated giant cells in the tumor structure”