Mineralization Of Enamel

Mineralization Of Enamel

Write briefly about the mineralization of enamel. 
Answer:

Mineralization of enamel:

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1. There occurs the immediate formation of crystallites within enamel proteins secreted first against mantle dentin.
2. It is followed by its elongation against the ameloblast membrane at sites where enamel proteins are released.
3. Mineralization of enamel takes place in two stages.
   1. In the first stage, about 25-30% of mineralization occurs.
      • Immediate partial mineralization occurs in the matrix segments and tire interprismatic substance.
      • No matrix vesicles or unmineralized matrix is seen.
      • The first mineral forms are crystalline apatite
      • This is converted into hydroxyapatite.
   2. Maturation.
      • It is a stage of gradual completion of mineralization.
      • The maturation process progresses from crown height to the cervical area and forms the dentinal end of the rods to the surface.
      • Growth of the crystals occurs.
      • Tuftelin, an enamel protein participates in the nucleation of enamel crystals.
      • Other enamel proteins bind the specific surfaces of the crystal and inhibit further deposition.
      • The rate of formation of enamel is 4 pm/ day.
      • It is more in permanent teeth than in deciduous teeth.
      • The crystal further increases in size even after tooth eruption due to ion exchange with saliva.
      • The organic matrix is gradually thinned out and widely spaced.
      • Loss in the volume of the organic matrix is caused by the withdrawal of a substantial amount of protein as well as water.
      • The mineralization of enamel differs from that of other tissues.
      • The difference is as follows.

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