Localization Technique

Localization Technique

Name various techniques of localization. how will you localize an impacted maxillary canine in right maxillary region?
Answer. Following are the techniques of localization

• Stereoscopy
• Buccal object rule
• Contrast radiography
• Tube shift technique/Clark’s rule
• Right angle technique/Miller’s technique

“Understanding the role of localization techniques in accurate diagnosis: Q&A explained”

Localization of Maxillary Impacted Canine

Radiographic techniques for localizing maxillary impacted canine are:

1. Stereoscopy

2. Occlusal

3. Lateral profile

“Importance of studying localization techniques for better imaging outcomes: Questions explained”

• Stereoscopy
  • Localization of maxillary impacted canine is done by stereoscopy
  • Stereoscopic imaging requires the exposure of two films, one for each eye and thus delivers twice the amount of radiation to the patient. Between exposures the patient is maintained in position, the film is changed and the tube is shifted from right eye to left eye. Although the magnitude of the tube shift is empiric, it is sufficient to form slightly different images. After processing, films are viewed with a stereoscope that uses either mirror or prism to coordinate the accommodation and convergence of the viewer’s eyes so that the brain can fuse the two images.
• Occlusal radiography

Maxillary Cross-Sectional View

“Common challenges in applying localization techniques effectively: FAQs provided”

• Image field: This projection shows the palate, the zygomatic process of the maxilla, the anterior-inferior aspects of each antrum, nasolacrimal canals, teeth from the right second molar to the left second molar and the nasal septum.
• Film placement: The film is placed crosswise into the mouth and gently pushed back until it contacts the anterior border of the rami.
• Projection of the central ray: The central ray is directed at a vertical angulation of +65° and a horizontal angulation of +65° towards the middle of the film. In general, the central ray enters the patient’s face through the bridge of the nose.

Maxillary Topographic View—Anterior

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• Image field: The primary field of this projection includes the anterior maxilla and its dentition. It also includes the anterior floor of the nasal fossa and the teeth from canine to canine.
• Film placement: The film is placed with the exposure side towards the maxilla and the long dimension crosswise in the mouth.
• Projection of the central ray: The central ray is directed towards the middle of the film, the vertical angulation is l5° and horizontal angulation is 0°.
• In general, the central ray enters the patient’s face approximately through the tip of nose.

Maxillary Topographic View—Labial

“Role of panoramic radiography in localization techniques: Questions answered”

• Image field: This projection shows half of the alveolar ridge of the maxilla, inferolateral aspect of the antrum, the tuberosity and the teeth from the lateral incisor to the third molar. It may also show the zygomatic process of the maxilla superimposed with the roots of the molar teeth.
• Film placement: Film is placed with its long axis parallel to the sagittal plane and on the side of interest, with the pebbled side towards the maxilla in question. The lateral border should be positioned parallel to the buccal surfaces of the posterior teeth and extending laterally approximately 1/ 4th inch past the buccal cusps.
• Projection of the central ray: The central ray is projected to a point 2 cm below the lateral canthus of the eye and directed towards the center of the film, with a vertical angulation of +60°.