Ketosis Explained: Causes, Symptoms, And Ketone Bodies

Ketosis Explained: Causes, Symptoms, And Ketone Bodies

Question 1. Name the ketone bodies and two conditions in which they are exerted, (or) What is ketosis? List two causes of ketosis.
Answer:

Ketone bodies:

1. Acetone
2. Acetoacetate
3. β-hydroxybutyrate.

Ketosis:

• Increased concentration of ketone bodies in blood is called ketonemia while excretion of ketone bodies in urine is called ketonuria.
• Ketonemia along with ketonuria is called ketosis.

Causes of ketosis/conditions where ketone bodies are excreted:

• Starvation
• Severe uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.

Question 2. Beta oxidation of fatty acids.
Answer:

Definition:

• Beta oxidation may be defined as the oxidation of fatty acids on the [3-carbon atom.

Results:

• Removal of acetyl CoA.

Stages:

1. Activation of fatty acids.
2. Transport of fatty acids.
3. β-oxidation proper.

Question 3. Derivatives of cholesterol and their importance.
Answer: