Imidazole Antifungal Agents

Imidazole Antifungal Agents

Question 1. Write In Short On Imidazole Antifungal Agents.
Answer:

Imidazole antifungal agents come under the azole group. They are presently the most extensively used anti-fungal drug.

Four imidazoles are currently available. These are:

• Clotrimazole
• Econazole
• Miconazole
• Ketoconazole
  • The first three are topical while ketoconazole is used both orally and topically.
  • Imidazoles have broad-spectrum antifungal activity covering dermatophytes, candida, and other fungi.

Imidazole Antifungal Agents: Mechanism of Action and Uses

Imidazole Antifungal Agents Mechanism Of Action

They inhibit fungal cytochrome P450 enzyme lanosterol 114-D methylase and thus impair ergosterol synthesis leading to a cascade of membrane abnormalities in the fungus.

Imidazole Antifungal Drugs: Ketoconazole, Clotrimazole, Miconazole

Question 2. Write Important Uses And Toxic/Side Effects Of Grieseofulvin.
Answer:

It is an antifungal antimicrobial drug.

It is a heterocyclic benzofuran.

Antifungal Imidazole Agents: Clinical Applications and Side Effects

Uses Of Grieseofulvin

• It is the drug used orally in dermatophytosis (Tinea infection).
• It is reserved for cases with nails, hair, or large body surface involvement.
• It is used in athletes’ feet.

Griseofulvin Toxic/Side Effects

• Headache is a common side effect.
• CNS symptoms and peripheral neuritis can occur.
• Rashes and photoallergy may warrant discontinuation.
• Transient leucopenia and albuminuria are infrequent.
• Presence of fatigue and vertigo.
• Blurred vision is present.
• Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, heartburn, etc.
• Disulfiam like reaction
• Rarely hepatotoxicity can be seen.