Hypocalcified Areas Of Enamel

Hypocalcified Areas Of Enamel

Describe hypocalcified areas of enamel.
Answer:

Hypocalcified areas of enamel:

1. Enamel lamellae:

• They extend for varying depths from the enamel surface.
• They are thin, leaf-like structures filled with organic material.
• They may develop in planes of tension.
• The inner parts of the lamella consist of an organic cell detritus and the outer parts consist of a double layer of cuticle.

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Hypocalcified Areas of Enamel Types:

1. Type 1:
   1. Lamellae are composed of poorly calcified rod segments.
   2. It is restricted to the enamel.
2. Type 2:
   1. Lamellae consist of degenerated cells.
   2. They are restricted to dentin.
3. Type 3:
   1. Lamellae arise in erupted teeth where the cracks are filled with organic material.
   2. It is more common than other types.
   3. They are restricted to dentin.

• Significance:
  • They are sites of weakness
  • They act as pathways for caries-producing bacteria.

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2. Enamel tufts:

• They are branched structures projecting from DEJ to one-fifth to one-third of enamel.
• They consist of hypocalcified enamel rods and interprismatic substances and a greater concentration of enamel proteins.
• They are abundantly in horizontal sections.
• They may be likened to geologic faults.

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3. Enamel spindle:

• Before the formation of enamel, some developing odontoblastic processes extend into the ameloblastic layer and become rapped to form enamel spindles.
• They reveal the crystals of dentin and enamel intermix.
• They are best seen in longitudinal sections.
• They are directed at a right angle to dentin.
• They are hypo-mineralized or partially-mineralized structures.
• They are found mainly in cusp tip regions.

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4. Hypocalcified Areas of Enamel Surface structures:

Perikymata:

1. They are transverse, wave-like grooves
2. They are continuous around a tooth and usually lie parallel to each other and to the CEJ.
3. They are more in the CEJ and gradually decrease near the occlusal or incisal edge of a surface.
4. The course is irregular in the cervical region.
5. They are external manifestations of the striae of retail.