Hyperplastic Pulpitis

Hyperplastic Pulpitis

Question. What is pulpitis? Explain the different causes of pulpitis.
Describe clinical features and the histopathological picture of chronic open hyperplastic pulpitis.

Answer.

Pulpitis:

Pulpitis refers to the inflammation of the dental pulp within the tooth.

Causes of pulpitis

• Reversible pulpitis is caused by an agent capable of injuring the pulp, such as trauma, disturbed occlusal relationship, or thermal shock.
• Irreversible pulpitis: It is caused by the bacterial involvement of pulp through caries, chemical or thermal, or mechanical injury.

“Role of chronic irritation in hyperplastic pulpitis”

Chronic open hyperplastic pulpitis

• It is also known as chronic hyperplastic pulpitis or pulp polyp, or pulpitis aperta.
• It is a productive pulpal inflammation due to an extensive carious exposure of the young pulp. It is characterized by the development of granulation tissue covered by epithelium and resulting from long-standing low-grade infection.

pulp polyp treatment

hyperplastic pulpitis

“Clinical examination for hyperplastic pulpitis”

Clinical Features

• Pulp polyp appears as a small, pinkish, red-lobulated mass, which protrudes from pulp chamber and fills up the carious cavity.
• The condition is seen in young adults and children. It commonly develops in deciduous molars and first permanent molars.
• The affected tooth has a large open carious cavity, which has been present for a long duration.
• The lesion bleeds profusely on provocation.
• The involved tooth is painless and is sensitive to thermal stimuli.

“Pathophysiology of hyperplastic pulpitis explained”

Histopathology

“Root canal therapy for hyperplastic pulpitis”

• Hyperplastic pulp tissue lesion presents the feature of granulation tissue mass, consisting of numerous proliferating fibroblasts and young blood capillaries.
• Inflammatory cell infiltration by lymphocytes, plasma cells, and sometimes polymorphonuclear neutrophils in tissue is common.
• Stratified squamous epithelium is present on the surface of hyperplastic pulpitis, which resembles oral epithelium.
• The epithelial surface shows well-formed rete peg formation.
• The epithelial cells on the surface are believed to be desquamated epithelial cells that came either from the buccal mucosa or salivary gland ducts.