Hepatomegaly: Complete List of Causes and Classifications
Question. Enumerate the causes of hepatomegaly.
Answer. Enumeration of causes of hepatomegaly
1. Infections Hepatomegaly
1. Viral
- Viral hepatitis
- Yellow fever
- Infectious mononucleosis
- Lassa fever
2. Bacterial
- Typhoid
- Pneumonia
- Brucellosis
- Tuberculosis
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3. Protozoal
- Amoebiasis
- Malaria
- kalaazar
4. Spirochetal
- Weil’s disease
- Syphilis
- Relapsing fever
5. Parasitic
- Schistosomiasis
- Echinococcus
- Clonorchiasis
6.. Fungal
- Actinomycosis
- Histoplasmosis
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2. Metabolic Hepatomegaly
- Fatt liver
- Amyloid
- Glycogen storage disease
3. Congestive Hepatomegaly
1. General
- Congestive heart failure
- Tricuspid regurgitation
- Constrictive pericarditis
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2. Local
- Portal hypertension (cirrhosis)
- Hepatic vein thrombosis
3. Tumors
1. Primary
- Benign and malignant hepatoma
- Benign and malignant cholangioma
- Fibroma
- Sarcoma
- Hemangioma
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2. Secondary: Direct due to spread by contiguity, or embolic metastatic
4. Cysts Hepatomegaly
- Hydatid
- Polycystic
5. Biliary obstruction Hepatomegaly
- Gallstones
- Strictures of bile ducts
6. Hematological Hepatomegaly
- Leukemias
- Lymphoma
- Myeloproliferative disorders
7. Storage disorders Hepatomegaly
- Gaucher’s disease
- Niemann Pick’s disease
- Amyloidosis
- Glycogen storage disease
- Gargoylism,
- Hemochromatosis
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8. Myeloid metaplasia Hepatomegaly
- Secondary carcinoma of bone
- Myelofirosis
- Myelosclerosis
- Multiple myeloma
- Marblebone disease
9. Genetic abnormalities: Sickle cell disease
10. Congenital: Riedel’s lobe
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