Healing Question And Answers

Healing Question And Answers

What are the various types of healing of tissues? Describe in detail the healing of the bone fracture.
Or
Write a brief on healing by second intention (secondary union).
Answer:

There are two types of healing of tissues, i.e.

• Healing by primary intention:
• Healing by secondary intention.

“Understanding the role of healing in tissue repair and recovery”

Healing by Secondary Intention

This is defined as the healing of wounds having the following characteristics:

• The wound is not approximated by surgical sutures and is left open
• Open with large tissue defects at times it is infected.
• Having extensive loss of cells and tissues.

“Importance of studying healing mechanisms for better healthcare outcomes”

Read And Learn More: Pathology Question And Answers

The Sequence of Events in Secondary Intention Healing

• Initial Hemorrhage: Due to injury wound space is filled with blood, fibrin clot is formed which gets dried.
• Inflammatory Phase: Initial acute inflammatory response followed by the appearance of macrophages that clear of debris.
• Epithelial Changes: The basal cells of the epidermis from both cut margins start proliferating and marginating towards incisional space in the form of epithelial spurs till they meet in the middle and re-epithelialize gap completely. Proliferating epithelial cells do not cover the gap completely until granulation tissue from the base starts filing wound space. In this way, the scab is formed which is cast off In time regenerated epidermis becomes stratified and keratinized.

“Steps to educate patients about the healing process and its stages”

• Granulation Tissue: Main bulk of secondary healing is by granulation. Granulation tissue is formed by the proliferation of fibroblasts and neovascularization from the adjoining viable elements. Newly formed granulation tissue is deep red, granular and fragile. With time scar on maturation become pale.
• Wound Contraction: Due to the presence of myofibroblasts in granular tissue wound contracts to one-third and one-fourth of its original size.
• Presence of Infection: Bacterial contamination of open wounds delays the process of healing because of bacterial toxins. Surgical removal of dead and necrosed tissue prevents bacterial infection of open wounds.