Healing Of Oral Wounds Important Question And Answers
Question.1. Enumerate various factors which promotes the healing process. Describe the healing of an extraction socket.
Answer. Healing is defined as restoration to a normal, mental or physical condition, especially of inflammation and wound.
Factors which promotes the healing process
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- Localization of wound:
Wounds in the area in which there is good vascular bed healing helps in rapid healing of wound. - Physical factors:
- Mild traumatic injury favors the healing process.
- Local temperature in the area of wound influences the rate of healing by its effect on local circulation and cell multiplication.
- Circulating factors:
Good blood supply of wound tissues promotes healing process. - Nutritional factors:
- Presence of protein enhances the speed of wound healing.
- Presence of vitamin C accelerates the rate of wound healing process.
- Vitamin A and D accelerates the wound healing.
- Vitamin B complex promotes wound healing.
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- Age of patient:
Wounds in younger patients heal rapidly due to increased circulatory insufficiency and presence of protein synthesis.
Infection:
A wound which is exposed to mild physical irritation or expose to bacteria heals quickly.
Healing Process Of An Extracted Socket
Immediate reaction following an extraction:
After the removal of a tooth, blood which fils in the socket coagulates, red blood cells get entrapped in the firin meshwork and the ends of blood vessels in periodontal ligament are sealed off
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Healing in First Week
- There is proliferation of firoblasts from connective tissue and these firoblasts grow into a clot.
- There is endothelial proliferation which shows capillary growth.
- During, this period blood clot begins to undergo organization by ingrowth of firoblasts and occasionally by small capillaries from residual periodontal ligament.
- Crest of alveolar bone shows beginning of osteoclastic activity.
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Second Week Wound Healing
- During this period, remnants of PDL gradually undergo degeneration.
- Wall of bony socket appears slightly frayed.
- Margins of alveolar socket exhibits prominent osteoclastic resorption and fragments of necrotic bone are seen in the process of resorption or sequestration.
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Third Week Wound Healing
- The clot is completely organized by maturation of granulation tissue.
- New uncalcified bone is formed around the periphery of wound from the socket wall.
- Original cortical bone of alveolar socket undergoes remodeling.
- Crest of alveolar bone is rounded of by osteoclastic resorption.
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Fourth Week Wound Healing
- There is continuous deposition, remodeling, and resorption of the bone filling in alveolar socket.
- Due to absorption of alveolar crest bone filing of the socket does not extend beyond the alveolar crest.
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